Munawar A. Anees

Dr. Anees is a Consultant to the Templeton Foundation. A biologist by training (Doctorate: Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA), his regular contributions in the monthly Inquiry: A Magazine of Events and Ideas (London, 1984-1988), have played a pioneering role in creating an awareness about the social impact of reproductive technologies. One of his books, Islam and Biological Futures: Ethics, Gender, and Technology (London: Mansell, 1989; translations in Turkish, Bosnian, and Bahasa Indonesia) has brought the problems of surrogate motherhood, abortion, and genetic engineering to the forefront of contemporary discourse across the Muslim world.

In a recent write up in Science and Spirit, he said: "I grew up during the Cold War era. While contending ideologies took their toll in the outside world, a cold war raged inside me. Like any inquisitive young mind, I struggled with the tribulation of skepticism. The research on the chemical and environmental conditions enabling the origin of life conducted by biochemists A. 1. Oparin and Stanley Miller fueled my internal fire. Oparin was Russian and Miller American, but they stood united in their cold war against spirituality. In retrospect, my now three-decade-old essay "Cell Reveals God," published in Muhammad Rafiuddin's journal Islamic Education, marks the beginning of my journey toward a synthesis. But 1971's Chance and Necessity, by the Nobel Prize-winning biochemist Jacques Monod, came to haunt me, as it belittled some of the archaic arguments I had made for design and order. For a while, the high priest of science seemed to reign supreme in my internal war. Meanwhile, in my native and supposedly Islamic state of Pakistan, the educational system kept me unaware of the intellectual currents that swept through the nascent Muslim society.

" Another turning point was reached when, for a graduate seminar at Indiana University, I explored the history of the Muslim contribution to science. Sifting through ancient tomes awakened me to the evolutionary path of scientific thinking across cultures and histories. I learned that Muslim civilization served as a vantage point for the accumulated wisdom from several other cultures: Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Indians, and Romans. The massive Latin translation of Arabic works acted as an engine for the Western Renaissance. This is in dire contrast with the contemporary Muslim world, which appears to have imbibed the ways of the European Dark Ages. No student of history will fail to observe that the Muslim scholastic pursuits were holistic. In essence, they manifested the core concept of Islam, Tawhid-unity of God and knowledge.Thus, scholars and sages like lbn Hazm, lbn Rushd, lbn Sina, al-Khawarizmi, al-Jahiz, lbn al-Haytham, and others in the Muslim lands stretching from Morocco in the Atlantic to the Pacific Rim of Indonesiawere polymaths. The explication of the organic unity of all knowledge drove them to compile copious commentaries of the Qur'an while they engaged themselves in scientific observation and experimentation. The history of the successful practice of polymathy inspired me to emulate it in my own humble way. Despite the enormous differences in ancient and modern information, the primal multidisciplinary nature of knowledge came to the forefront. At the same time, the growing revolt within science, heretofore heroic and unchallenged, provided much comfort. Suddenly, spiritual certainties appeared so refreshing and integral. The Quranic narrative on knowledge is one of humility, for illumination arises from the Creator and wisdom brings us closer to Him. Thus, polymathy blended with humility serves as the guiding light for the unending quest for human understanding of this world and beyond."

About his most recent employer, Sir John Templeton, he said, "On humility, no one has shown more courage and eloquence than Sir John Templeton. His thoughts have inspired me to adopt the concept of humility as an epistemological tool. Gracefully, humility opens doors to infinity in knowing, for it rejects the tyranny of knowledge. Outside, the Cold War has ended. Inside, a strange elation now stokes the curious mind. The Qur'an has required of the Prophet to pray to God for an increase in his knowledge. Thus are laid the terms of the detente: polymathy, humility, prayer."

He has served as a Consultant to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO, Vienna) for the 16th International Congress of Genetics (Toronto, 1988). In February 1993, he was instrumental in organizing, at the University of Qatar (Doha, Qatar), the first international ISESCO symposium on ethics and genetics. Islamic Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, ISESCO, (Rabat, Morocco) has commissioned to him an in-depth study of bioethical problems in the Muslim communities. In December 1993, he was an invited speaker at the Eighth International Bioethics Symposium (Tokyo). He has served as a Member of the International Steering Committee for the UNFPA-sponsored conference "Reproductive Health in the Muslim World," held at al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, in February 1998.

He is the author of half a dozen books and over 250 articles, book reviews, and bibliographies, published in international scholarly journals. Dr. Anees has contributed to the Encyclopaedia of the Modern Islamic World (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995) and Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1997). Moreover, philosophy of Islamic science, and the application of automated systems to the study of Sira and Hadith are among his perennial interests. One of his books, Guide to Sira and Hadith Literature in Western Languages (London: Mansell), is considered a "classic" in this field. He has been recently appointed as an Advisor to the Regional Information Technology and Software Engineering Center (RITSEC), Cairo, Egypt, for conceptualization and implementation of CultureWare programs.

He is a founding editor of the International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies (Bloomington), an advisory editor of the Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) and, section editor, Islamic and Arabic Studies, for Ultimate Reality and Meaning (University of Toronto Press, 1992-1994). He founded the world's premiere journal of current awareness on Islam and the Muslim world: Periodica Islamica (Kuala Lumpur, 1991). Supported by a worldwide team of distinguished writers and scholars, Periodica Islamica has come to be recognized as "an invaluable guide" for all multidisciplinary discourses on the world of Islam. Since February 1998, he is serving as a Contributing Correspondent for the Global Viewpoint/Los Angeles Times Syndicate.

Dr. Anees is an elected Member of the Royal Academy for Islamic Civilization Research, Amman, Jordan, and UNESCO's select group of 40 international scholars: Intellectuals of the World. He is listed in several biographical sources: Contemporary Authors, Who is Who in the World, and Writers' Directory.

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Works by Dr. Anees (up to March 1999)

Journals

Contributing Correspondent, 1998+; Los Angeles Times/Global Viewpoint, syndicated service to over 70 newspaper world-wide.

Member, Editorial Advisory Board, 1998+; Islamic Studies; quarterly; Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute.

Associate Editor, 1995+; Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics; bimonthly; Ibaraki, Japan: Eubios Institute.

Section Editor (Islamic and Arabic Studies), 1992-1994; Ultimate Reality and Meaning; quarterly; Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press.

Founding Editor-in-Chief, 1991+; Periodica Islamica: An International Contents Journal; quarterly; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Berita Publishing.

Reviews:

`Alam al-Kutub (Riyadh) 13(3):311-313, 1992 by Ahmad bin `Ali Tamraz Glasnik (Sarajevo) 54(6):815-816, 1991 by Fikret Karcic

Information Development (London) 7(4):241-242, 1991

IRCICA Newsletter (Istanbul) No. 27, p.17, 1991

Library Journal (New York) 118(21):184, December 1993, by Bill Katz

Middle East Studies Association Bulletin (Tucson, Arizona) 25:261, 1991 by Jere L. Bacharach [see also, ibid. 26:311-312, 1992]

MultiCultural Review (Westport, CT) 2(1):40, 1993 by Richard R. Centing

Q News (London) 1(20):8, 1992 by Rosemary Ridd Zaman (Istanbul), February 26, 1993, p.3, by Taha Kivanc Sasaran (Shah Alam), No. 27, December 1994, pp. 77-78, by Ahmad Murad Merican

Advisory Editor, 1987+; Journal of Islamic Science; bi-annual; Aligarh, India: The Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science.

Contributing Editor, 1985-1988; Inquiry (Afkar); monthly; London, England: Tropvale Limited.

Founding Editor, 1984+; International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies; bi-annual; Bloomington, Indiana, USA: International Institute of Islamic and Arabic Studies.

Associate Editor, 1982+; Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies; bi-annual; Brattleboro, Vermont, USA: Center for Arab and Islamic Studies.

Books

Christian-Muslim Relations: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, London: Grey Seal Books, 1991,96pp. ISBN 1-85640-021-2.

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 13(2):42-46, 1993 by A. R. Momin

Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations (Birmingham) 4(2):304-305, 1993 by D. Marshall.

Computers Don't Byte, Kuala Lumpur: Quill Publishers, 1989, 112pp. ISBN 983-96300-0-8.

Review:

The Star [In Tech] (Kuala Lumpur), March 27, 1990, p. 9 by Ramesh Gopal.

The Kiss of Judas: Affairs of a Brown Sahib, Kuala Lumpur: Quill Publishers, 1989, vii +165pp. ISBN 983-99555-7-8.

Reviews:

The Malay Mail (Kuala Lumpur), July 27, 1989, p. 10 by Theresa Manavalan

Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 10(3):3-17, 1990.

Islam and Biological Futures: Ethics, Gender, and Technology, London and New York: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1989, x+296pp. ISBN 07201-1874-3.

Review

Theological Book Review 2(2):297.5, 1990 by J rgen Nielsen.

Translation:

Islam dan Masa Depan: Biologis Umat Manusia, Bandung (Indonesia): Penerbit Mizan, 1991, 268pp. Translated into Bahasa Indonesia by Rahmani Astuti; Turkish translation published in 1992 by Insan Yayinlari, Istanbul, Turkey.

Guide to Sira and Hadith Literature in Western Languages, London: Mansell Publishing Limited; New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1986, xxxii + 371pp. ISBN 0-7201- 1736-4.

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 7(1):50-51, 1986 by A. R. Kidwai

British Society for Middle Eastern Studies Bulletin (Exeter) 13(2):225-227, 1987 by G. H. A. Juynboll

Inquiry (London) 4(5):66-67, 1987 by S. P. Manzoor

Die Welt des Islams (Leiden) 29:143-144, 1989 by M. Muranyi.

Health Sciences in Early Islam: Collected Papers of Sami K. Hamarneh, San Antonio: Noor Health Foundation, 1984, two volumes, 358 + 407pp. ISBN 0-88059-052-1 (two- volume set).

Reviews:

Inquiry (London) 3(10):66-67, 1986 by Akbar Mohammedali

Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 9(2):34-37, 1989 by M. M. Ahsan.

Hadith and Sira Literature in Western Languages: A Bibliographic Study, Bloomington (Indiana): 1980, xxxi + 462pp. ISBN 0-9602920-1-2.

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 1(4):6-8, 1981 by Z. Sardar

Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies (Brattleboro, Vermont) 2(3-4):650-651, 1981 by Salman Hassan al-`Ani.

Book Chapters

Science: Searching for the Soul? In: Science, Technology and Social Change, Ed. by Diederik Aerts, Serge Gutwirth, Luk Van Langenhove and Sonja Smets. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998, pp. 1-7.

Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik Ibn Zuhr (Latin: Avenzoar; 484-557/1092-1162). In: The Encyclopaedia of Non-Western Science. Ed. by Helaine Selin, Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts. Forthcoming.

Islamic Periodical Literature. In: The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World, Ed. by John L. Esposito. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, Volume 3, pp. 308-311.

Illuminating `Ilm. In: How We Know--`Ilm and the Revival of Knowledge, London: Grey Seal Books, 1991, pp. 10-23.

Jihad. In: Faces of Islam: Conversations on Contemporary Issues, Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing, 1989, pp. 98-106.

Epistemology in the Robotic Culture--The Muslim Predicament. In: An Early Crescent: The Future of Knowledge and Environment in Islam, London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1989, pp. 92-124.

Science and Control: Sex, Race and the New Biology. In: The Revenge of Athena: Science, Exploitation, and the Third World, London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1988, pp. 81-96.

Islamic Science: Current Thinking and Future Development. In: The Revenge of Athena: Science, Exploitation, and the Third World, London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1988, pp. 249-260.

Automated Information for Islamic Studies. In: Building Information Systems in the Islamic World, London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1988, pp. 87-100.

Introduction. In: The Plan--To Restore the Constitution, by Paul Fisher. Boulder City (Nevada): Paul Fisher Campaign for Scientific Government, 1988, pp. xvii- xxii.

Islamic Values and Western Science: A Case Study of Reproductive Biology. In: The Touch of Midas: Science, Values, and Environment in Islam and the West, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984, pp. 91-120.

Book Reviews

The Nation's Voice: Towards Consolidation: Speeches and Statements March 1935-March 1940: Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Ed. by Waheed Ahmad. Karachi: Quaid-i-Azam Academy, 1992, xiv+941pp. Contemporary South Asia (Oxfordshire) 7(1):91-92, 1998.

Mawdudi and the Making of Islamic Revivalism. By Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, viii+222pp. Contemporary South Asia (Oxfordshire) 6(3):292-293, 1997.

Family Planning in the Legacy of Islam. By Abdel Rahim Omran. London: Routledge, 1992, xxi+284pp. Contemporary South Asia (Oxfordshire) 5(3):354-356, 1996. [Reprinted in: The Friday Times (Lahore) 9(1): 13, 1997].

The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China, and the West. By Toby E. Huff. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995, xiv+409pp. The Middle East Journal (Washington, DC) 50(3):448-449, 1996. (See also: The Middle East Journal (Washington, DC) 51(2):332-333, 1997 for rebuttal and counter-rebuttal).

The Muslim Poetic Imagination: Poems by Shabbir Akhtar. By Shabbir Akhtar. Buckhurst Hills, Essex, England: Scorpion Publishing, 1992, 87pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 14(4): 38-39, 1994.

Research in Islamic Civilization: Outlook for the Coming Decade. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, Ahmed Lajimi, and Zeynep Durukal (eds.). Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture (IRCICA), 1992, 112+183pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 14(3): 41-42, 1994.

Transfer of Modern Science and Technology to the Muslim World. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu (ed.). Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture (IRCICA), 1992, 442pp. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 9(1-2)93-94, 1993. [Reprinted in: Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 14(2):45-46, 1994].

Science and Muslim Societies. By Nasim Butt. London: Grey Seal Books, 1991, 136pp. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 8(1):109-111, 1992.

Fertility Policies of Asian Countries. K. Mahadevan (ed.). London: Sage Publications, 1989, 320pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 12(2):60-62, 1992.

Modern Science in Crisis: A Third World Response. S. M. Mohammad Idris (ed.). Penang: Third World Network and Consumers' Association of Penang, 1988, 81pp. ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (Bangkok) 6(1):97-99, 1989. [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 5(2):111-114, 1989].

Planning Curricula for Natural Sciences: The Islamic Perspective. By Muhammad Abdus Sami and Muslim Sajjad. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, 1983, 83pp. Idesi (ITM, Shah Alam, Malaysia) 4:14-15, 1989. [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 5(2):114-118, 1989].

Health and Medicine in the Islamic Tradition: Change and Identity. By Fazlur Rahman. New York: Crossroad, 1987, xiii + 149pp. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 4(2):100-104, 1988. [Reprinted in: Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 9(2):31-34, 1989].

Motherhood in Islam. By Aliah Schleifer. Cambridge: The Islamic Academy, 1986, 105pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 8(3):50-52, 1988.

Scientific Trends in the Qur'an. By Ahmad Mahmud Soliman. London: Ta-Ha Publishers, 1985, v + 96pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 8(3):14-16, 1988. [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 4(1):92-94, 1988].

Islam and Evolution of Science. By Muhammad Saud. Islamabad: International Islamic University, Institute of Islamic Research, 1986, viii + 154pp. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 3(2):90-92, 1987.

Aciklamali Turk Kimya Eserleri Bibliografyasi (Basmalar 1830-1923 ve Modern Kimya Biliminin Turkiye Cumhuriyetinin Kurulusuna Kadar Olan Durumu ve Gelismesi). Compiled by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu. Istanbul: Basim, Yayim Dagtim A. S., 1985, ix + 148pp. Inquiry (London) 4(5):70, 1987.

Catalogue of Manuscripts in Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University, (Habib Jang Collection). Compiled by M. H. Rizvi and M. H. Qaisar Amrohvi. Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University Press, Volume I (Poetry), 1981, xii + 325pp., Volume II, Islamic Sciences, History, Biography etc., 1985, vii + 386pp. Inquiry (London) 4(5):70-71, 1987.

Science and Technology in Medieval India: A Bibliography of Source Materials. Compiled by A. Rahman with the assistance of M. A. Alvi, S. A. Khan Ghori and K. V. Samba Murthy New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy, 1982, xxxi + 719pp. Inquiry (London) 4(5):71,1987.

Redefining Death. By Karen Grandstrand Gervais. New Haven, Connecticut:Yale University Press, 1986, xiv + 231pp. Inquiry (London) 4(3):69, 1987.

Guide to Reference Books for Islamic Studies. By Charles L. Geddes. Denver, Colorado: American Institute of Islamic Studies, 1985, xiii + 429pp. International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies (Bloomington, IN) 3(1):109-111, 1986.

World Bibliography of Translations of the Meanings of the Holy Qur'an: Printed Translations 1515-1980. Prepared by Ismet Binark and Halit Eren. Edited with Introduction by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu. Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture (IRCICA), 1986, xcix + 880 + 34pp. Inquiry (London) 3(5):68-69, 1986.

Bibliographies: Their Aims and Methods. By W. D. Krummel. London: Mansell Publishing Limited, 1984, 192pp. Inquiry (London) 3(3):68-69, 1986.

Medieval Islamic Medicine: Ibn Ridwan's Treatise "On the Prevention of Bodily Ills in Egypt." Translated with Introduction by Michael W. Dols. Arabic Text Edited by Adil S. Gamal. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984, 264pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 6(2):48-50, 1986.

The Biology of Religion. By Vernon Reynolds and Ralph E. S. Tanner. London: Longman, 1983, xii + 332pp. Inquiry (London) 2(11):68-69, 1985.

Sacrifice: The Making of a Muslim. By Khurram Murad. Leicester: The Islamic Foundation, 1985, 40pp. Inquiry (London) 2(10):68, 1985.

The Islamic Movement: Dynamics of Value, Power, and Change. By Abul A`la Mawdudi. Edited by Khurram Murad. Leicester: The Islamic Foundation, 1984, 141pp. Inquiry (London) 2(10):68, 1985.

Catalogue of Islamic Medical Manuscripts in the Libraries of Turkey. Edited by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu. Compiled by Ramazan Sesen, Cemil Akpinar and Cevad Izgi. Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture (IRCICA), 1984, 564pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 6(1):49-50, 1985.

Green Politics: The Global Promise. By Fritjof Capra and Charlene Spretnak, in collaboration with Rudiger Lutz. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1984, 244pp. Inquiry (London) 2(2):68-69, 1985.

Guide to Islam. By David Ede, Leonard Librande, Donald P. Little, Andrew Rippin, Richard Timms, and Jan Weryho. Boston: G. K. Hall and Company 1983, xxiv + 261pp. International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies (Bloomington, IN) 1(1):133-134, 1984.

Medical Philosophy in Islam and the Contributions of Muslims to the Advancement of Medical Sciences. By Syed Habibul Haq Nadvi. Durban: Academia Centre for Islamic, Near and Middle Eastern Studies, 1983, 45pp. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 5(1):18-19, 1984.

A Modern Guide to Astronomical Calculations of Islamic Calendar, Times and Qibla. By Mohammad Ilyas. Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing, 1984, 256pp. Inquiry (London) 1(7):68-69, 1984.

Software Reviews

Webster's New World Professional Spelling Checker, Version 1.0. Copyright 1988 by Simon and Schuster Inc., New York, New York. Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 17-18, September 1988.

RunningWare with Alberto Salazar, Version 1.1. Copyright 1986 by Sportsware Inc., West Linn, Oregon. Inquiry (London) 5(2):72, 1988. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), p.5, February 1988].

Pro-Search, Version 1.5. Copyright 1986 by Personal Bibliographic Software, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Inquiry (London) 4(10):72, 1987. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 8-9, November 1987].

Org Plus, Version 2. Copyright 1986 by Banner Blue Software, Fremont, California. Inquiry (London) 4(4):74, 1987. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 21-22, November 1987].

Terrific! Organization Chart Maker, Version 2.21. Copyright 1986 by KD Systems, Northbrook, Illinois. Inquiry (London) 4(4):74, 1987. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 21-22, November 1987].

Jump Start, Version 1.1. Copyright 1986 by Ascent Incorporated, Sunnyvale, California. Inquiry (London) 4(3):74, 1987. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 22-23, November 1987].

Pro-Cite, Version 1.2. Copyright 1986 by Personal Bibliographic Software, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Inquiry (London) 4(1):74, 1987. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 10-11, December 1987].

Arabic Word Processing - Writing the Right Way. Inquiry (London) 3(9):53-57, 1986. [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews (Bloomington, IN), pp. 6-9, December 1987; Pakistan Library Bulletin (Karachi) 19(1):1-9, 1988].

Bibliographical Essays

Biomedical Ethics: A Select Bibliography. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 9(3):62-70, 1989.

Study of Muslim Woman and Family: A Bibliography. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 8(2):59-67, 1988. [Reprinted in: Journal of Comparative Family Studies (Calgary) 20(2):263-274, 1989].

Islamic Science: A Bibliography of Contemporary Literature. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 3(2):109-121, 1987.

Islamic Studies: Publish and Perish? Book and Periodical Citations on Tafasir al-Qur'an in Western Languages. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 5(2):55-68, 1985.

A Select Bibliography on Islamic Medicine. Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 5(1):59-68, 1984.

History of Islamic Medicine and Pharmacy: Contribution of Sami Hamarneh. Hamdard Medicus (Karachi) 26(2):67-75, 1983.

Islamic Resurgence: Current Literature. Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies (Brattleboro, VT) 3(1):87-104, 1982.

Contemporary Islamic Resurgence: A Select Bibliography (1979-1982). Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 2(4):55-67, 1982.

Studies on Islamic Education: An Interpretive Essay. Islamic Quarterly (London) 20-22(4):158-184, 1978.

Review Essays

Pesticides and Human Health. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association (Karachi) 22(11):303-314, 1972.

Brain Science and Science Education. Journal of Education and Psychology 39(1):28-34, 1981.

Miscellaneous Papers

Re-defining the Human: Triumphs and Tribulations of Homo xeroxiens. Al-Islam: The Voice of the Islamic Movement in Sri Lanka (Colombo) 25(April-May):7-10, 1998.

Does Islam Have an Alternative to Globalization? New Perspectives Quarterly (Los Angeles) 15(2):44-45, 1998. [with Graham Fuller].

Kloning Manusia itu Mubazir. Ummat: Majalah Dwimingguan (Jakarta) 2(20): 36-37, March 31, 1997.

Human Cloning: A Commentary on Masahiro Morioka. Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics (Ibaraki) 7(3): 68, 1997.

Science: Searching for the Soul? World Futures Studies Federation Futures Bulletin (Brisbane) 21(4): 12-13, 1995. [Reprinted in: Islamic Thought and Scientific Creativity (Islamabad) 6(4):81-86, 1995; Ummat: Majalah Dwimingguan (Jakarta) 2(17):76, February 17, 1997].

Human Cloning: An Atlantean Odyssey? Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics (Ibaraki, Japan) 5(1): 36-37, 1995. [Reprinted in: Minaret: America's Source on Islam (Los Angeles) 17(2):18-20, 1995].

A Challenge of the West: The Muslim Perspective of Population Policy. epd-Entwicklungspolitik (Frankfurt) No. 16, pp. 50-52, July 1994.

Islamic Periodical Literature. Muslim and Arab Perspectives (New Delhi) 1(10-12): 515-524, 1994.

Muslim Media Comes of Age. Australasian Muslim Times (Sydney) No. 100, p.12, April 29-May 12, 1994.

Over-Religious South vs. A-Religious North: The Great Divide? Q News (London) 3(1): 6-7, 1994.

Human Clones and God's Trust: An Islamic View. New Perspectives Quarterly (Los Angeles) 11(1):23-24, 1994.

Between Bigoted Biology and Apologetic Theology. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 9(1-2):29-38, 1993.

The Silent Killer: AIDS and the Muslim World. The Muslim News: News and Views of Muslims in the United Kingdom (London) No. 58, p. 5, December 24, 1993. [Reprinted in: The Minaret (Los Angeles) 16(1):33-35, 1994; Insight (Sydney) 9(1):11-14, 1994; Naz ki Pukaar (London) No. 8, pp. 16-18, 1995].

Living lslam Not Orientalism. Impact International (London) 23(21-22):4, 1993.

Soul of the World Order: Islam and Scientific Fundamentalism. New Perspectives Quarterly (Los Angeles) 10(3):61-63, 1993. [Reprinted in Al-Wardah (Gatesville, South Africa) 2(1):14-15, 1993; Technoscience: Newsletter of the Society for Social Studies of Science (Blacksburg,Virginia) 8(1): 21-22, 1995].

Islamic Medical Ethics: The Challenge of Biotechnology. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 8(2):77-85, 1992. [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 21(5):41-45, 1993].

Communication. (Review of Periodica Islamica) Middle East Studies Association Bulletin (Tucson, AZ) 26(2):311-312, 1992.

Evolutionary Epistemology Revisited. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 8(1):101-107, 1992.

Genetics and the Unity of Biology. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 6(1):105-122, 1990.

Communication.(Review of The Kiss of Judas) Muslim World Book Review (Leicester) 10(4):71, 1990.

Genital Mutilations: Moral or Misogynous? Islamic Quarterly (London) 33(2):101-117, 1989.

Circumcision: The Clitoral Inferno. Islamic Culture (Hyderabad, India) 63(3):77-92, 1989.

Is Biology Inevitable? Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 5(2):23-42, 1989.

Survival of the Sexiest (II). Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 17(3-4):49-55, 1989.

Survival of the Sexiest (I). Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 17(1-2):30-36, 1989.

International Network for the Promotion of Genetics (INPROGEN). Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 2(4):1, 1989.

Information Resources in Biotechnology. Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 2(4):3-4, 1989.

Astrology: Fact or Fiction? Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 2(3):1-2, 1989.

We Are More than a Bundle of Genes. New Straits Times (Kuala Lumpur), May 25, 1989, p. 9.

Battling Against Blasphemy. Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 2(2):3, 1989.

Repression of Christians in Malaysia. Impact International (London) 19(7):17, 1989.

The Satanic Verses and Freedom of Speech - Guest Editorial. Journal of Islamic Medical Association of North America (Downers Grove, IL) 21(4):150-151, 1989.

The Satanic Verses and the Vicious West. New Sunday Times (Kuala Lumpur), March 12, 1989, p. 10, and New Straits Times (Kuala Lumpur), March 13, 1989, p. 10. [Reprinted in Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 16(7-8):36-40, 1989; Radiance Viewsweekly (New Delhi) 24(39):22-23, 7-13 May, 1989; Sasaran (ITM, Shah Alam) 12:12-15+31, June 1989; al-Tawhid (Tehran) 6(3):165-170, 1989].

Fetal Rights: The Technological Predicament. Breakthrough (New York), 10(2-3):54-56, 1989.

On Islam. Asiaweek 15(8):5+11, 1989.

Epistemology in the Robotic Culture: The Muslim Predicament. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 5(1):7-40, 1989.

Birth Control: The Islamic Juridical View. Islamic and Comparative Law Quarterly (New Delhi) 8(3):233-243, 1988.

`Azl: Recreation or Procreation? Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al- Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 16(3-4):21-26, 1988.

Planning an Information Strategy for the Muslim World. Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 1(5):4, 1988. [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin (Karachi) 19(4):vi, 1989].

Breast-feeding: The Natural Contraceptive? A Critique of Western and Islamic Perspectives. Islam and the Modern Age (New Delhi) 19(4):251-261, 1988.

What Islamic Science is Not: A Rejoinder. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 4(2):65-73, 1988.

The Christian-Jewish Unholy Alliance. Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 15(9-10):17-22, 1988.

Genetics and the Unity of Biology. Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 1(4):3, 1988.

Biotechnology Watchdogs: A Selected List. Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter (Aligarh) 1(3):2, 1988.

Menstruation and Menopause: Paranoia Revisited. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 4(1):7-23, 1988.

Hippocratic Oath for Scientists, Engineers and Technologists. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 4(1):122-123, 1988.

Menstruation: A Biological Lunacy? Hamdard Medicus (Karachi) 31(1):51-67, 1988. [Reprinted in: Islamic Order (Karachi) 10(1):80-92+104, 1988].

Hippocrates Strikes Back. Inquiry (London) 5(2):64, 1988.

The Unholy Alliance? Inquiry (London) 5(2):43-48, 1988.

Historical Light on the Present Situation of Christian-Muslim Relations. Parts I and II. Newsletter of the Office on Christian-Muslim Relations, National Council of the Churches of Christ (Hartford, CT), Number 37, pp. 1-6, and Number 38, pp. 1-7, 1988.

Media and the Muslim World. Muslim Journal (Lahore), December, pp. 24-27+49-53, 1987.

Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Myth or Reality? Islam and the Modern Age (New Delhi) 18 (2-3):107-118, 1987. [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al- `Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 15(7-8):25-30, 1988.

Christian-Muslim Relations: Historical Perspectives. Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 15(3-4):17-21, 1987. [Reprinted in: Islamic Culture (Hyderabad, India) 61(4):1-15, 1987; Islamic Herald (Kuala Lumpur) 12(1):25-29+39, 1988].

Information Technology and Global Control System for Islamic Literature. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 3(1):57-68, 1987. [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin (Karachi) 20(2-3):21-36, 1989].

The Hazards of Modern Travel. Inquiry (London) 4(8):46-47, 1987.

Rights Before Birth. Inquiry (London) 4(7):40-44, 1987. [Reprinted in: Muslim Journal (Lahore), March, pp. 45-52, 1988].

Facilitating Access to Islamic Material. Inquiry (London) 4(5):24-31, 1987.

Consumer Addiction. Inquiry (London) 4(5):50-51, 1987.

Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore. Inquiry (London) 4(5):57-58, 1987.

Building a Cultural Institution. Inquiry (London) 4(4):58-59, 1987.

The Abrahamic Faith: Trilogy or Tragedy? Inquiry (London) 4(4):60, 1987.

My Favourite City: City Blasters. Inquiry (London) 4(3):54, 1987.

Her Story: Pathology of Imitation. Inquiry (London) 4(1):46-50, 1987.

Role of Muslims in Contemporary Society. Link International (London) 1(6):3, 1986.

Islamic Medicine: The Placebo Effect. Inquiry (London) 3(10):34-39, 1986.

Human Reproduction: Laboratory Children. Inquiry (London) 3(8):45-49, 1986. [Reprinted in: Al-Nahdah (Kuala Lumpur) 8(2):18-24, 1988].

Islamic Science. Middle East (London) 12(10) August:5, 1986.

Arab-Americans: Amongst the Diaspora. Inquiry (London) 3(7):27-33, 1986.

What Islamic Science is Not. Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 2(1):9-19, 1986. [See also: Jamal Mimouni, "A Reply to `What Islamic Science is Not`." Journal of Islamic Science (Aligarh) 3(1):85-89, 1987].

Revitalising `Ilm. Inquiry (London) 3(5):40-44, 1986. [Translated in Bahasa Indonesia by Monik Bey, Al-Hikmah (Bandung) 1(3):72-83, 1991.

What Does the Qur'an Mean to Me? Eternal Miracle. Inquiry (London) 3(5):51, 1986.

My University Days. Adab--What Adab? Inquiry (London) 3(4):52-53, 1986.

Biotechnology: As Ye Clone So Shall Ye Reap? Inquiry (London) 3(3):39-43, 1986.

Fallah Fetches Fortunes. Inquiry (London) 3(3):54-56, 1986.

Khilafat--End of Empire. Inquiry (London) 3(2):45-49, 1986.

Can Terrorism Ever Be Justified? Dire Contradictions. Inquiry (London) 3(2):50-51, 1986.

Information and Cultural Survival. Inquiry (London) 3(1):46-49, 1986. [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin (Karachi) 17(1):10-18, 1986; Al-Nahdah (Kuala Lumpur) 8(1):4-8, 1988].

Making the Future Work. Inquiry (London) 2(12):7, 1985.

Decolonizing the Future. Inquiry (London) 2(12):47-50, 1985.

My Vision of the Future: A Tied Camel. Inquiry (London) 2(12):53, 1985.

Laying the Foundation of Islamic Science. Inquiry (London) 2(11):36-43, 1985.

The Contemporary Relevance of Jihad: Responsible Strength. Inquiry (London) 2(10):52-53, 1985.

Can Utopian Thinking Help us Today? A Biophysical Integer. Inquiry (London) 2(9):54-55, 1985.

Femme Fatale or Pathology of Method? Inquiry (London) 2(8):33-36, 1985.

Biotechnology: Cloning Better Futures? Inquiry (London) 2(5):48-51, 1985.

What Future for Urdu Poetry: Love and Death. Inquiry (London) 2(3):54-55, 1985.

The Staying Power of AIDS. Inquiry (London) 2(1):19-20, 1985.

Muslim Historians of Our Time: A Historian from Palestine. Inquiry (London) 2(1):50-51, 1985.

Brave New DNA: Is Man Playing God? Inquiry (London) 1(6):45-48, 1984.

Needles in the Haystack. Inquiry (London) 1(6):54-55, 1984.

Islamic Science: An Antidote to Reductionism. Inquiry (London) 1(2):49, 1984. [Reprinted in: Al-Nahdah (Kuala Lumpur) 7(1):29, 1987].

US: Pulpits, Politics and Primaries. Inquiry (London) April, 18-19, 1984.

`Eid in America. Asian Post (London) 2(22):28-29, 1984.

Utilization of Computer Technology in Islamic Studies. Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies (Brattleboro, VT) 4(1-2):73-76, 1983. [Reprinted in: Al-`Ilm (Durban) 6(January):138-142, 1986].

Computers for Quranic Studies. Impact International (London) 13(11):14, 1983.

Brave New DNA: Playing God? Islamic Science and Culture (Calcutta) 2(3-4):8-11, 1982.

Arabic Orthography. Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies (Brattleboro, VT) 2(2):502-508, 1981.

Islam and the West: An Inconvenient Marriage? Monitor Weekly (London) 1(6):13+12, 1981.

Significance of Scientific, Technical, and Social Information for the Muslim World. Al-Ittihad (Indianapolis, IN) 17(1):46-52, 1980. [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al- `Alam al-Islami (Makkah al-Mukarramah) 7(8):25-29, 1980; Al-Nahdah (Kuala Lumpur) 1(2):23-25 + 38, 1981].

Al-Qur'an: Umm al-Kitab. Islamic Culture (Hyderabad, India) 54(4):199-210, 1980.

Educational Thought in Islam. Hamdard Islamicus (Karachi) 3(2):47-77, 1980.

Development of Arabic Prose. Voice of Islam (Karachi) 27(7-8):4- 21, 1979.

On the Education of Muslim Woman. Young Muslim Digest (Aligarh) 3(9):6-8, 1979.

Development of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the Arab World. International Education (Knoxville, TN) 8(1):38-45, 1978. [Reprinted in: Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies (Villanova, PA) 2(3):93-100, 1979].

Science and the Islamic World. Impact of Science on Society (Paris) 27(4):443-444, 1977.

Cosmological Heresy. American Biology Teacher 39(9):552, 1977.

Sense or Nonsense: Bio-psychological Communication. Science Chronicle (Karachi) 10(4):236-238, 1972.

Save the Earth: World Environment Day. BioView (Lahore) 1(1):13-14, 1972.

Information for Progress. Science Chronicle (Karachi) 9(3):179-180, 1971.

I Wonder Why? Universal Human Equality. Kansas Oklahoma Newsletter 2(9):89, 1971.

Post Office and Human Progress. Union Postale (Geneva) 96(6):100-101, 1971. UNESCO International Written Letter Week, First Prize.

We the Individuals: Essay on Biological Individuality. Views and Ideas on Mankind, Bulletin of the Council for the Study of Mankind (San Francisco, CA) 27:7-8, 1970.

Why the Space Race? Kansas Oklahoma Newsletter 2(4):10-12, 1970.

Cell Reveals God. Islamic Education (Lahore) 1(4):17-25, 1968.

Experimental Research

Hepatic pathology in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 19(5):524-527, 1978.

Hematological abnormalities in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Science 4(1):53-60, 1978.

Intestinal pathology in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides. Acta Physiologica Latinoamericana 26(1):63-67, 1976.

Acute toxicity of four organophosphorus insecticides to a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch). Pakistan Journal of Zoology 7(2):135-141, 1975.

Susceptibility of a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch) to acute, sublethal and chronic levels of organophosphorus insecticides. Masters Abstracts 13(2):103, 1975.

Changes in starch-gel electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins of a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to sub- lethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides. Ceylon Journal of Science/Biological Sciences 11(1):53-58, 1974.

Conference Papers/Invited Lectures

Science: Searching for the Soul? Einstein Meets Magritte: An Interdisciplinary Reflection on Science, Nature, Human Action, and Society. Brussels, Belgium, May 29-June 3, 1995. Organised by Vrije Universiteit Brussel.

Human Cloning. International Conference on Science in Islamic Polity in the Twenty-First Century. Islamabad, Pakistan, March 26-30, 1995. Organised by the Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC) Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Cooperation (COMSTECH).

Islam and the Challenge of Bioethics. Keynote Address. National Conference on Genetic Engineering. Jakarta and Bundung, Indonesia, June 25-26, 1994. Organised by the Republika Group of Newspapers, Jakarta, and the Mutahhari Foundation, Bandung.

A Challenge of the West: The Muslim Perspective of Population Policy. International Workshop on Population Policy--Practice, Criticism, and the View of Religions. Bonn, Germany, June 17-18, 1994. Organised by epd-Entwicklungspolitik, Protestant News Agency, Frankfurt.

Over-Religious South vs. A-Religious North: The Great Divide? Religion and Politics Today: Intellectuals of the World Conference, New Delhi, India, January 30-February 2, 1994. Organised by UNESCO Courier (Paris) and World Media Network (Paris) with the assistance of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi.

Bioethics: An Islamic Perspective. Regional Workshop on Environmental Education and Bioethics, Genting Highlands, Malaysia, January 4-9, 1994. Organised by Information and Resource Centre, Singapore, and Institute for Policy Research, Malaysia, with the support of UNESCO (Paris).

The Silent Killer: AIDS and the Muslim World. Eighth International Bioethics Symposium "Global Concerns in AIDS: Bioethical Issues", Tokyo, Japan, December 14-15, 1993. Organised by International Bioethics Research Centre, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan

Biological Sciences: Moral Mediators in the Making? International Seminar on Ethical Implications of Modern Researches in Genetics. Organised by ISESCO, Rabat, Morocco; World Islamic Call Society, Tripoli, Libya; and the University of Qatar. Doha, Qatar: February 13-15, 1993.

Islamic Medical Ethics: The Challenge of Biotechnology. The International Congress on the History of Medicine in Islam. Tehran, Iran: October 3-6, 1992.

Biology, Information, and the New World Order. World of Islamic Civilization Expo, International Conference on Islamic Civilization: "Islamic Civilization-- Directions for the Future." Kuala Lumpur: Prime Minister's Department and Ministry of Culture and Tourism. June 25, 1990.

Communication: Emerging Paradigms and the Islamic Worldview. October 5-7, 1989. Shah Alam, Malaysia: School of Mass Communication, MARA Institute of Technology, National Conference on Communication from the Islamic Perspective.

Biology, Information, and the New World Order. Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse, August 22-23, 1989. Genting Highlands, Malaysia: Institute Aminuddin Baqi.

Approaches to Islamic Science: Key Issues. August 14, 1989. Genting Highland, Malaysia: International Islamic Leadership Training Course, World Council of Mosques.

Politics of Electronic Journalism. February 28, 1989. Shah Alam, Malaysia: School of Mass Communication, MARA Institute of Technology.

Islamic Science: The Challenge of Cognitive Metamorphosis. February 14, 1989. Jakarta, Indonesia: Regional Islamic Science Conference for Asia-Pacific on Current Perspectives in Islamic Science, 46pp.

Genetics and the Unity of Biology. Report to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization [UNIDO], Vienna, Austria, on the 16th International Congress of Genetics, August 20-27, 1988, Toronto, Canada, 52pp.

Agricultural Biotechnology and the Developing World. Proceedings of the Second General Conference of the Third World Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 1988.

Classification of Islamic Knowledge. June 25, 1988. Kuala Lumpur: National Library of Malaysia. [see, "BookCase" by Theresa Manavalan, Malay Mail, pp. 6-7, June 30, 1988].

Knowledge and Values. June 19, 1988. Jitra, Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia.

New Information Technology: The Role of Information in Library Development. June 17, 1988. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia: School of Library and Information Science, MARA Institute of Technology.

Islam and Biological Futures. Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse, June 6-18, 1988. Genting Highlands, Shah Alam and Petaling Jaya, Malaysia: Institute Aminuddin Baqi, MARA Institute of Technology (ITM) and National Institute of Public Administration (INTAN).

Information and the Emerging Epistemology. Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse, June 6-18, 1988. Genting Highlands, Shah Alam and Petaling Jaya: Institute Aminuddin Baqi, MARA Institute of Technology and National Institute of Public Administration.

Biology and Social Values. Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse, July 22-24, 1987. Genting Highlands: Ministry of Education.

Islamic Values and Western Science. Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse, July 26-28, 1987. Kuala Lumpur: National Institute of Public Administration.

Information and the Muslim World: Present Directions and Future Imperatives. International Conference on the Future of the Ummah, July 19-21, 1987. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Education and, Makkah al- Mukarramah: Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami.

Historical Light on the Present Situation of Christian-Muslim Relations. Series of Invited Lectures at the conference Faith and Justice in a Pluralistic Society: Studies for Muslims and Christians, June 24-30, 1987. Divine Word International, Techny, Illinois: The Duncan Black Macdonald Center for the Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations of HartfordSeminary, Office on Christian-Muslim Relations of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A.

New Biology and the Social Quandary. International Conference on Crisis in Modern Science, November 1986. [see, Modern Science in Crisis: A Third World Response, edited by S. M. Mohammad Idris, Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, 1988].

Automated Information for Islamic Studies: A Future Imperative? Proceedings of the Second Congress of Muslim Librarians and Information Scientists, October 20-22, 1986. Session 6, Paper 2/4. Jitra, Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia, 23pp.

Information Technology and Global Control System for Islamic Literature: Studies on `Ulum al-Qur'an and `Ulum al-Hadith. First International Conference on the History of the Interpretation of the Qur'an, February 5-9, 1985. Calgary, Alberta, Canada: University of Calgary.

Science and Values in Islam and the West. Stockholm, Sweden, 1981.

Urdu Works

Several essays on miscellaneous topics--carbon dating, inheritance of sex, philosophy and religion, the immune system, and lunar research--appeared in leading journals of Pakistan during the period 1966-1970.

Electronic Media

Health Report. Islamic Medicine. Produced by Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Sydney. June 1991.

Antenna. Islamic Science. Produced by BBC Television 2, London. December 1989.

Faces of Islam. Programme Four, Jihad. Produced by TV3, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1988.

Science Education. Brain Science and Education. Produced by WTTV,

Indianapolis, Indiana, 1981.

Biographical Listings

1. Who's Who in the World, 13th ed., Marquis, 1996 (Forthcoming)

2. Writers' Directory, St. James Press, Detroit, Michigan, 1992.

3. International Authors and Writers Who's Who, 12th Edition, 1990.

4. Contemporary Authors, Volume 123, April, 1988.